Finally, societal considerations comprised the risk of misconception, stigmatization, and discrimination. Personal considerations covered psychological and behavioral implications, as well as the right to (not) know. Clinical considerations included (lack of) validity, utility, and disclosure protocols. From these, we extracted 26 unique considerations, which we grouped according to their primary relevance to a clinical, personal, or societal context. MAXQDA-software was used for inductive data analysis. We included theoretical articles in English, on communicating amyloid and/or tau results to individuals with mild cognitive impairment, subjective cognitive decline, or normal cognition. Two reviewers independently screened the resulting 6860 titles and abstracts for eligibility and examined 162 full-text records for relevance. Our query combined variations on the terms Alzheimer’s disease, disclosure, or diagnosis, preclinical or prodromal, and biomarkers. We searched PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection (on 10 December 2020) for references on conveying AD biomarker results to individuals without dementia. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. ![]() We aimed to provide an overview of considerations regarding the disclosure of AD pathology before the onset of dementia. While this brings opportunities, it also raises challenges. This implies that AD can be diagnosed based on biomarker abnormalities, irrespective of clinical manifestation. Background: The NIA-AA research framework proposes a purely biological definition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
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